Korean (Version 8.4)

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Context statement

The place of the Korean culture and language in Australia and the world
Korean is the language of one of Australia’s important neighbours in the Asian region and is spoken by around 80 million people in the Korean Peninsula and worldwide.

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PDF documents

Resources and support materials for the Australian Curriculum: Languages - Korean are available as PDF documents. 
Languages - Korean: Sequence of content
Languages - Korean: Sequence of Achievement - F-10 Sequence
Languages - Korean: Sequence …

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Years 7 and 8

Years 7 and 8 Band Description

The nature of the learners

These years represent a transition to secondary school and students in this pathway are continuing to study Korean, bringing with them a capability to communicate with some assistance about their immediate world and Korea. They have experience in analysing the major features of the language system and in considering intercultural exchanges and their role in these.

Korean language learning and use

Learners use Korean for classroom interactions and transactions in a variety of tasks in different modes that involve spoken and written Korean. They have extra opportunities to use Korean by a purposeful integration of the use of virtual communication. They present, explain, and compare information, opinions or ideas, on their current interests or topics drawn from other learning areas, practising language forms and developing cultural understanding, working both independently and collaboratively. They use primarily modelled and rehearsed language for planning, problem-solving, decision-making and reflecting, with increasing personal and original use of vocabulary, and experiment with known grammatical forms and structures to use them with increasing independence in familiar and unfamiliar contexts. They explore and reflect on their own and others’ intercultural perspectives and practices.

Contexts of interaction

The primary context for interaction remains the Korean language class; however, there may be opportunities for interacting with peers in Korea and with other learners of Korean, for example, through technology or sister-school relationships. Learners may have extra access to Korean speakers through media and community events and resources.

Texts and resources

Learners work with a broad range of texts and resources specifically designed for learning Korean in school contexts, such as textbooks, readers, videos and online materials including those developed for computer-supported collaborative learning. They may also access authentic materials created in Korean for general audience within Korea as well as in international contexts, with subtitles as necessary, such as songs, stories, films, websites, advertisements and magazines.

Features of Korean language use

Learners expand their range of vocabulary to domains beyond their personal interests. They use a range of grammatical forms and structures to convey more complex relationships between ideas and events, developing awareness of how language structures and features build up textural features. They use descriptive and expressive language including onomatopoeic and mimetic words to create expressive effects and interests. They pronounce sounds at syllable boundaries with increasing accuracy, applying relevant Korean pronunciation rules. They are increasingly aware of connections between language and culture, noticing, for example, politeness expressed in cultural practices as well as embedded in Korean grammar and vocabulary systems, and the choices of polite language determined by age and social relationships. They reflect on how language changes with social cultural changes and on their own language and culture. They have increasing awareness of their identity as users of two or more languages and reflect on the impact of intercultural experiences on identity-shaping.

Level of support

Learners need continued scaffolding, modelling and material support particularly at the paragraph and entire text level for written language and for developing fluency and accuracy in spoken language. Explicit instruction of grammatical features and modelling will be effective for their development of metalanguage use and expansion of metalinguistic knowledge of Korean. Learners are encouraged to be autonomous and to self-monitor in task-based activities integrated with implicit form-focused learning approach. Learners continue to use dictionaries with teacher support with increasing independence and to access word lists, charts and examples to enrich their receptive and productive language use.

The role of English

Korean is increasingly used at this level for classroom interactions and routines, for task participation and structured discussions, and encouraged to be used for learning new content drawn from other learning areas as long as its conceptual demand and complexity is within students’ linguistic scope in Korean. English continues to be used for more complex elements of instruction and explanations, and for more substantive discussion, analysis and reflection in relation to abstract concepts. Learners continue to develop a metalanguage for thinking and talking about language, culture and identity and the experience of learning Korean.


Years 7 and 8 Content Descriptions

Socialising

Initiate and sustain interactions with peers and adults by seeking and offering ideas, expressing thoughts and feelings and making connections across different areas of interest

[Key concepts: respect, significance, experience; Key processes: exchanging, connecting, explaining, using communication strategies] (ACLKOC172 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • Sustainability
  • initiating conversations by using expressions such as 지금 뭐 해요? 어디 가요? and 어제 … 봤어요? as appropriate according to context and participants, and developing conversations on topics of mutual interest

  • exchanging information and opinions about various topics such as family, friends, teachers, subjects, entertainment, sport and leisure, travelling, for example, 왜 한국어를 배워요? 한국어는 과학적이에요. 그리고 배우기가 쉬워요

  • expressing hopes and feelings, describing personal plans (for example, plans for school holidays), giving reasons or background information, for example, 소라가 좋아서 한국어를 배웠어요; 방학 때 뭐 할 거예요? 한국에 갈 거예요; 시험이 끝나서 기분이 좋아요

  • using communication strategies such as asking for clarification or repetition, or giving feedback to indicate concession/acceptance/satisfaction, for example, 무슨 뜻이에요?; 다시 말해 주세요; 괜찮아요

  • communicating with peers via online correspondence or social networking to seek or share information or ideas on social, cultural or environmental issues, for example, 한국에서 보통 쓰레기를 어떻게 버려요? 한강에서 언제나 물놀이를 할 수 있어요? 방학 때 뭐해요? 가끔 서핑을 해요

    • Sustainability
  • recounting significant events, special occasions and milestones, for example, 지난 주말에 학교 캠프에 갔어요, 거기에서

Taking action in collaborative tasks, activities and experiences which involve negotiation, making arrangements, problem-solving and shared transactions

[Key concepts: collaboration, priority, alternatives; Key processes: planning, discussing, negotiating] (ACLKOC173 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Numeracy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • Asia and Australia’s Engagement with Asia
  • expressing preferences for plans, comparing and contrasting alternatives (for example, 사물놀이를 할 거예요. 그런데 꽹과리가 없어요. 어떻게 해요? …; 저는 금요일에 소풍 가는 것이 더좋아요, 금요일에 못 가면 … )

  • making plans and decisions with others, for example, arranging a birthday party or class excursion(소라의 생일 파티에서 무엇을 할까요? 춤도 추고 노래도 불러요. 한국 노래를 할 줄 알아요? 네, 할 줄 알아요. 그러면 한 번 해 보세요), agreeing or disagreeing with others’opinions or suggestions, for example, 좋은 생각이에요, 글쎄요, 별로 …, 그 생각에 동의해요/동의하지 않아요

  • responding to invitations by accepting, declining, and giving excuses, for example, 네, 참석하겠어요; 미안하지만 바빠서 못 가겠어요

  • participating in transactions and negotiations such as purchasing food, clothing, souvenirs or transport (for example, 이 모자가 얼마예요? 조금 작아요. 더 큰 모자를 보여주세요.) and maintaining the interaction (for example, 기념품이 너무 비싸요. 너무 비싸면 조금 싼 것을 사세요)

  • planning and participating in learning experiences that combine linguistic and cultural elements (for example, an excursion to a Korean restaurant, exhibition, festival or performance), rehearsing language forms, structures, vocabulary and behaviours, for example, 한국 식당에 갈까요?; 이 식당에서 뭐가 제일맛있어요?; 순두부 찌개와 불고기가 맜있어요; 뭐 드릴까요? 순두부 찌개 하나 주세요; 맛있었어요? 네, 아주 맛있었어요. 그렇지만 조금 매웠어요

  • asking for, giving and following directions to real or virtual locations (for example, 병원에 어떻게 가요?;쭉/곧장/왼쪽/오른쪽으로 가세요; 버스를 타고 세 정거장을 가세요; 서울역에서 갈아타세요) using electronic information devices, apps, street maps or directories

  • seeking and offering opinions in collaborative decision-making in class activities such as playing (electronic) games, for example, playing 윷놀이 (어떻게 할까요? 말을 세 칸 움직여요/옮겨요)

Participate in classroom interactions and exchanges such as giving and following instructions, clarifying meanings, explaining and describing actions and reflecting on responses

[Key concepts: responsibility, mindful learning, exchange; Key processes: eliciting, monitoring, reflecting] (ACLKOC174 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • inviting people to give opinions or suggestions 어떻게 생각해요? 무엇을 먼저 이야기할까요?

  • expressing opinions using reflective language as set phrases, for example, 제 생각에는 …, 아마…, 글쎄요, …–인 것 같아요

  • indicating/checking understanding or non-understanding(알겠어요/모르겠어요(?)) and clarifying instructions or specific meanings (다시 설명해 주세요, 무슨 뜻이에요?)

  • giving and following instructions, and asking and responding to questions relating to aspects of learning activities, for example, 아직 쓰지 마세요, 숙제를 언제까지 해요/내요? 어디에서 정보를 찾아요?

Informing

Identify, classify and compare information and ideas obtained from spoken, written, print or digital texts

[Key concepts: information, data; Key processes: classifying, summarising, evaluating] (ACLKOC175 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Numeracy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • Asia and Australia’s Engagement with Asia
  • identifying context, purpose and audience of texts such as advertisements, signs, announcements and recipes

  • gathering facts independently and collaboratively about events or people and report information to others, by accessing simple texts from sources such as magazines, interviews, announcements and websites, for example, drawing a timeline to show a sequence of events or to profile a famous Korean, or person from their country of origin

  • listening to, viewing and reading texts that reflect different aspects of Korean culture, art, history or geography, noting key words, specialised terms or points of information to be re-used when sharing the information in print and digital forms such as class magazines or web postings

    • Asia and Australia’s Engagement with Asia
  • analysing and summarising information from texts such as television programs, reports, interviews, video clips, documentaries and social networks,using tools such as tables, concept maps and charts to organise and order information and inform others of findings

  • comparing details from a range of texts about special occasions and ceremonies, and discussing culture-specific terms and representations

Present oral and written reports, summaries and comparisons of information obtained from a range of Korean texts in different modes

[Key concepts: leisure, travel; Key processes: summarising, reporting, using multimedia presentation technology] (ACLKOC176 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Numeracy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • classifying information gathered from different print and electronic sources and creating flow charts, tabulations, posters or cartoons to be used in advertisements, notices and instructions in print and digital formats

  • creating texts such as notices, brochures and posters to inform others about issues and upcoming events such as Korean cultural performances or class excursions, for example, 소풍 날짜, 장소, 시간, 준비물

  • organising information for a Korean audience, for example, creating a presentation to explain sport and leisure activities (씨름, 태권도, 축구, …) or a video recording of a cooking demonstration

  • reporting on own and others’ experiences of events such as a school camp, a holiday or concert, or playing a new computer game

Creating

Compare ways in which people, places and experiences are represented in different imaginative and expressive texts, drawing on own interpretations, those of peers and personal experiences

[Key concepts: expression, imagination, humour; Key processes: expressing, comparing, analysing, reflecting] (ACLKOC177 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Histories and Cultures
  • Asia and Australia’s Engagement with Asia
  • expressing personal opinions about ideas in Korean texts in various modes such as stories, excerpts from films, paintings, songs or video clips, for example, …이/가/은/는 착한 사람인 것 같아요; 이/그 노래가 정말아름다워요/슬퍼요/신나요

    • Asia and Australia’s Engagement with Asia
  • stating personal preferences about characters, attitudes and events in texts (for example, using 제가 가장 좋아하는/싫어하는 ... as a set phrase), including spoken and written comments on reactions, for example, 크리스는 자주 농담을 잘해요, 그래서 재미있어요

  • reflecting on ways people, places and experiences are expressed in imaginative texts, and comparing them with those expressed in own and peers’ work and in the work of artists or authors encountered in other learning areas such as the arts, English or history, for example,아리랑, Waltzing Matilda

  • comparing key messages and beliefs from Korean and Australian texts such as 단군신화, Creation or Dreaming stories, fables, myths and legends

    • Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Histories and Cultures
  • comparing contemporary Korean and Australian music popular among young people by listening to music stations, viewing video clips, reading print or online music magazines; identifying similarities and differences in expressions, themes and styles of performance

Create and present imaginative texts including digital and interactive texts to entertain others, involving imagined characters and contexts

[Key concepts: imagination, amusement, expressive language; Key processes: character and context building, creating] (ACLKOC178 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • creating stories with self as the main character in imaginative settings in the past, future or virtual reality, incorporating communicative styles and social behaviours observed in Korean texts (for example, 저는 화성에서 왔어요 …, 지구에 정들었어요)

  • illustrating imaginative stories in visual forms such as cartoons or captioned photo stories

  • producing performances to present imaginative stories, for example, role-plays,skits, raps, using expressive language for sounds and shapes/movements (똑똑, 첨벙첨벙, 콜콜, …)

  • creating alternative versions of stories such as a Korean tale or film script with a new character and an alternative ending

Translating

Compare own translation of texts with others, discussing differences and possible reasons and alternatives, and reflecting on how to make connections between meanings in different languages

[Key concepts: culture, equivalence; Key processes: mediating, interpreting, translating] (ACLKOC179 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • translating existing texts or texts produced by self and others into Korean and English, experimenting with unknown words or expressions, using and evaluating translation resources such as web-based translation tools and print and digital dictionaries

  • translating texts, identifying culture-specific vocabulary (for example, 세배하다, 성묘하다, 추석) and expressions (for example, 새해 복 많이 받으세요, 그림의 떡), discussing the translation process (such as possible reasons for equivalence/non-equivalence), choosing ‘best fit’ words or omitting words

  • paraphrasing or annotating words or expressions where equivalence is not possible, discussing their original meanings and how to convey them (for example, 정들었어요, ‘mufti day’)

  • comparing different versions of translations, reflecting on the differences in translation of the same text and identifying possible reasons for such differences

Create texts in Korean and English on same themes or events in different modes such as digital photo stories, short video clips or cartoons, and provide subtitles, captions or commentaries in either language to help meaning

[Key concepts: equivalence, culture; Key processes: identifying, explaining, designing] (ACLKOC180 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • creating subtitles, captions or commentaries for texts such as brochures, slide show presentations or video clips that inform the school community of aspects of Korean culture (such as dining at a Korean home, shopping at a market, attending a ceremony, giving a gift)

  • producing texts in Korean and English on community events such as posters or advertisements in print or multimedia format, for example, to promote a concert or an interview with a celebrity for a teen radio station

  • creating texts such as songs or dialogues in multimedia format in either Korean or English with subtitles displayed in the language (for example, English) which is not the language used as the medium (for example, Korean)

Reflecting

Reflect on the experience of using Korean to communicate in different social situations and on their individual responses to differences in language use

[Key concepts: social context, comfort/discomfort, intercultural communication; Key processes: monitoring, analysing, adjusting] (ACLKOC181 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • Asia and Australia’s Engagement with Asia
  • experiencing authentic or virtual interaction where Korean language and culture are involved, for example, face-to-face interaction with community members through an excursion or at Korean festivals, web-chatting, ePal, social networking

  • experimenting with Korean gestures and body language, and considering which will or will not be incorporated into own interactions when communicating in Korean, for example, using both hands when giving something to older people or beckoning downwards to signal others to come

  • noticing the use of Korean expressions of fillers (such as 어, 음, 저, …) and exclamations (어머나!, 아이고!진짜!) and deciding whether or not to adopt them in own language use

  • making appropriate language choices with awareness of social situations, for example, using 선생님as an address term when communicating with an older person to show respect, and not overly using 너/당신 to refer to the communication partner nor그/그녀 to refer to the third party

  • reflecting on how own cultural etiquette and behaviour may be interpreted when interacting with speakers of Korean, noticing own body language and modifying gestures, such as beckoning with the palm facing upwards or downwards, rubbing hands or making direct eye contact when talking to older people

  • identifying elements of successful intercultural communication when using Korean or other languages, for example, awareness of differences, flexibility, and respect for other perspectives and traditions

Create spoken, written or multimodal texts that reflect significant experiences related to the experience of learning Korean language and culture

[Key concepts: identity, significance, perspective; Key processes: explaining, discussing, reflecting] (ACLKOC182 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • mapping their own linguistic and cultural profiles, for example, by creating a chart/timeline/web profile to highlight formative elements such as family languages, key relationships and intercultural experiences

  • describing their significant past encounters with Korean language and culture involving people, places and events, and the influence these encounters have had in shaping own identity, recording their experiences by, for example, keeping a digital/online journal in blogs or wikis

  • reflecting on own identity, relating it to own past experience involving Korean language and culture, and considering how others’ experience impacts on their identity

  • sharing and comparing, face-to- face and online, cultural and intercultural experiences and language capabilities, and exchanging views on the benefits of speaking more than one language, such as having a larger vocabulary to draw on, new insights and perspectives, and opportunities for new experiences

Systems of language

Use appropriate pronunciation rules and writing conventions to produce and read short texts in Korean that include some less familiar language

[Key concepts: system, rules, patterns; Key processes: inferring, analysing, applying rules] (ACLKOU183 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • applying pronunciation rules and writing conventions to reading and writing, inferring meanings of less familiar texts provided in Korean, such as 먹고, 어떻게 and 축하합니다 pronounced as 먹꼬, 어떠케 and 추카함니다

  • experimenting with pronunciation of less familiar texts

  • comparing how loan words from English are written in Hangeul and pronounced in Korean with how their original counterparts in English are written and pronounced, for example, 테니스 versus ‘tennis’, 포크 versus ‘fork’, 인터넷 versus ‘internet’

  • composing texts, applying spacing rules in Korean

Understand and use grammatical forms and structures such as suffixes for tense, honorifics and polite style marking, and auxiliary verbs and particles, using appropriate metalanguage to identify or explain forms, structures and parts of speech

[Key concepts: parts of speech, grammatical structures, syntactic relationship, honorifics; Key processes: applying rules, categorising, explaining] (ACLKOU184 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • extending the use of case markers and particles to express the genitive case (소라의 생일이에요), a time frame (아침부터 저녁까지 서핑했어요), the instrumental case (색연필로 그림을 그려요) and the directional case(왼쪽으로 가세요), and to use a nominal connective –와/과 (불고기와 김치를 먹어요)

  • learning how to modify a noun by using an adjectival form of the premodifying descriptive verb suffixed by –(으)ㄴ, for example, 좋은 생각, 착한 사람

  • expressing future plans using –(으)ㄹ 거예요,for example, 한국에 갈 거예요

  • expressing intention or conjecture using –겠–, for example, 파티에 참석하겠어요, 비가 오겠어요

  • asking for or offering suggestions using –(으)ㄹ까요? for example, 무엇을 살까요? 이 책을 읽을까요?

  • connecting clauses using conjunctive suffixes (clausal connectives) such as –어/아서, –지만, –(으)면 to express events or ideas in different relationships

  • identifying time references expressed by forms and structures of verbs such as –었/았– and –(으)ㄹ 거예요 and learning how to use them in two-clause sentences, for example, 김치가맛있었지만 조금 짰어요; 학교에 가서 공부할 거예요

  • using basic complex-verb structures such as –어/아 주다, –고 있다, –(으)ㄹ 줄 알다, –(으)ㄹ수 있다 and –어/아 보다 as set phrases in their –어/아요 form to express complex ideas,for example, 보여 주세요, 자고 있어요, 할 줄 알아요, 먹을 수 있어요, 읽어 보세요

  • learning how to construct noun phrases out of verbsusing a suffix –기 and using it with case markers or particles, for example, 한국어를 배우기가 쉬워요

  • extending the use of polite language to honorific particles and humble/honorific words, for example, 할머니께 선물을 드렸어요; 할아버지, 진지 드세요

  • understanding and developing metalanguage for parts of speech relating to grammatical functions such as naming (학교, 연필), referring to people or objects (나/저, 이것/저것/그것), qualifying things (예쁜 꽃) and expressing actions,states or qualities (먹어요, 좋아요)

  • comparing how the case of a noun or pronoun is identified in Korean and English sentences, for example, 저는 사과를 먹어요 versus ‘I eat apples’

Understand and use some words and expressions that reflect Korean culture, noticing those that need additional explanation to convey their original meaning in translation

[Key concepts: culture-specific words, idioms, expressiveness; Key processes: predicting, applying, selecting] (ACLKOU185 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • using a range of nouns to describe aspects of everyday life in home and school environments and of topics of interest, such as names of subjects (과학, 수학, …) and sports/games including traditional Korean sports/games(축구, 야구, 씨름, 윷놀이, …), nouns related to activities such as excursions or school camp (소풍, 캠프, 날짜, 장소, 시간, 준비물, …) and those related to transactions outside the home and school (가게, 식당, 병원, …)

  • using a range of action/descriptive verbs commonly used in basic interpersonal and transactional interactions including those for more complex activities (바빠요, 싸요, 비싸요, 자요, 타요, 사요,갈아타세요)

  • using vocabulary to express some abstract ideas (for example, 과학적, 정보, 동의해요) or describe issues relating to technology, those drawn from other learning areas or environmental issues (for example, naming some popular Korean food, such as, 순두부 찌개, 불고기, and major cities or landmarks in Korea, for example, 서울, 한강, 서울역

  • identifying commonly used culture-specific words and expressions in Korean and understanding the cultural backgrounds of such words/expressions, for example, names of festival days (명절) and their associated vocabulary or expressions, for example: 설날, 세배(하다), 떡국, 새해 복 많이 받으세요, 윷놀이, …; 단오, 그네뛰기, …; 추석, 성묘(하다), 송편, …

  • using a range of descriptive verbs to express emotions, sensory qualities or impressions (for example, 아름다워요, 신나요,매워요, 짜요, 아파요, …) including idiomatic phrases (기분이 좋아요) and those closely related to the Korean view of life and human relationships (정들었어요)

  • identifying and using basic onomatopoeic and mimetic expressions in Korean (for example, 문을 똑똑 두드려요;비가 주룩주룩 와요), and translating such words, providing additional explanations to make meanings closer to the original

  • comparing Korean and English as to how expressiveness is realised in the form of language, for example, by translating into English sentences such as 첨벙첨벙 물놀이를 해요, 아기가 콜콜 자요

  • indicating comparative quality using or 제일/가장, for example, 저는 더큰 가방이 필요해요, 저는 불고기가 가장/제일 좋아요

  • using adverbs to:

    • emphasise or mitigate the quality expressed, for example, 너무, 조금, 정말
    • add temporal quality to the event expressed, for example, 벌써, 아직
    • indicate frequency,for example, 가끔, 보통, 자주, 언제나
    • indicate directions, for example, 쭉, 곧장
    • add some specificity to time words using 지난 or 다음 (지난 주말에 ..., 다음 월요일에 …)
  • using location nouns such as 앞, 뒤, 위 아래, 옆, 왼쪽, 오른쪽

  • using question words such as 언제, 어디서, 어떻게, 어느, and 무슨 to obtain specific information

  • using humble/honorific words such as 드려요, 드세요, 진지

  • recognising fillers (such as아, 음, 저. …) and exclamations (such as 어머나!, 아이고! 진짜!)

Examine grammatical structures and features and vocabulary in a range of personal, informative and imaginative texts in spoken and written modes, noticing how these contribute to textual cohesion, and compose short texts for different purposes considering cultural aspects involved

[Key concepts: coherence, cohesion, text conventions; Key processes: describing, analysing, experimenting] (ACLKOU186 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • experimenting with language appropriate to particular text types in audio- visual, print or digital/online media, such as descriptive language in documentaries, reflective language in diaries and journal entries, and persuasive language in advertisements

  • creating short texts, developing ideas coherently and using basic cohesive devices such as:

    • consistent use of the informal polite sentence ender –어/아요 throughout textconsisting of multiple sentences
    • agreement of honorific elements such as honorific particles, words and suffixes in a sentence and throughout the text
    • basic conjunctive adverbs (for example, 그리고, 그러나, 그런데, 그렇지만, 그러면) and suffixes (clausal connectives) (for example, –고, –어/아서, –지만, –(으)면)
  • analysing forms, features and purposes of texts, such as how texts are organised in terms of layout, sequencing of ideas, headings and stylistic devices

Language variation and change

Explore how language use varies according to context, purpose and audience and to the mode of delivery and the relationship between participants

[Key concepts: context, negotiation, interrelationship; Key processes: comparing, connecting, reflecting] (ACLKOU187 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • identifying linguistic/textual features used in different types of text, for example, different degrees of formality and flexibility expressed in conversations, speeches, letters, emails and electronic text messages

  • recognising how language use, such as the level of politeness, reflects the intention of the speaker or author and impacts on the further development of relationships, for example, switching from a polite style to an intimate style (저를 좋아해요?; 나 좋아해?)

  • comparing language structures in Korean and English and how these are used to create affinity or distance, for example, the use of 반말 or colloquial language

  • comparing elements of communication such as body language, the use of personal space and silence in different cultural contexts and exchanges

Explore and reflect on the impact of social, cultural and intercultural changes such as globalisation and new technologies on Korean as a language of local, international and virtual communication and on their own individual use of language

[Key concepts: globalisation, influence, digital media; Key processes: researching, explaining, reflecting] (ACLKOU188 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • examining how the creation of Hangeul impacted on the common people’s lives in a kingdom in 15th-century Korea, and discussing the role of script in aspects of culture and everyday life

  • exploring how globalisation has accelerated the use of English words and expressions in Korean language use, and discussing the advantages/disadvantages of these influences on languages, such as using technological terminology (for example, 인터넷, 키워드) or mixing Korean and English as lyrics in contemporary Korean popular music

    • Asia and Australia’s Engagement with Asia
  • examining how acronyms or short forms of words are used in Korean and in English (for example, 쌤, 여친, 남친, ‘ASAP’,‘RSVP’), and discussing how these forms reflect people’s changing lifestyles

  • reflecting on changes in their own language/s, identifying new terms and behaviours that they have adopted with changes in technology and social media, and on how such terms and behaviours have become part of everyday language used in different modes(for example, handwritten notes using language for electronic messaging, acronyms or emoticons replacing whole words or phrases)

Explore the power and influence of language in local and global contexts

[Key concepts: social power, context; Key processes: analysing, explaining, recounting, reflecting] (ACLKOU189 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • investigating examples of the social power of language, drawing on other learning areas such as the humanities, other languages and the arts

  • reflecting on and sharing experiences where language has played a vital role in their daily life, such as improving or maintaining social relationships (for example, giving praise, persuading)

  • recognising the importance of a writing system suitable for its oral language in transmitting culture within its community and across time

Role of language and culture

Analyse how beliefs and value systems are reflected in language use and communicative behaviours, and reflect on how what is considered normal in communication varies across cultures

[Key concepts: norms, beliefs, value system; Key processes: analysing, interpreting, reflecting] (ACLKOU190 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Ethical Understanding
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • investigating cultural and historical backgrounds underlying culturally appropriate body language, gestures and verbal expressions in Korean and other languages; reflecting on and discussing differences across cultures

  • investigating and using language associated with significant cultural practices and events or celebrations, for example, 설날, 단오, 추석, 한글날

  • discussing attitudes towards diversity and difference, including the use of stereotypes and generalisations, and considering how these affect communication

  • reflecting on own cultural identities and how they are expressed differently in different settings such as home, school and other social domains, considering how these might be interpreted and responded to by people from different cultures


Years 7 and 8 Achievement Standards

By the end of Year 8, students use written and spoken Korean to interact with teachers, peers and others, and to exchange ideas, experiences and interests. They pronounce polysyllabic words that involve syllable-final consonants (받침) such as 먹고, 어떻게 and 축하합니다 as 먹꼬, 어떠케 and 추카함니다, applying relevant pronunciation rules with some accuracy. When interacting, they initiate conversations (for example, 지금 뭐 해요? 어디 가요?), and ask and respond to questions (for example, 왜 한국어를 배워요? 방학 때 뭐 할 거예요?). Students clarify answers or instructions (for example, 무슨 뜻이에요? 다시 말해 주세요) and ask for and give opinions (for example, 어떻게 생각해요?; 제 생각에는…; …인 것 같아요). They describe plans (for example, 한국에 갈 거예요) and ask for suggestions (for example, 무엇을 할까요?). They locate and evaluate factual information in texts and create informative and imaginative texts in a range of modes using multimodal or conventional formats. Students explain reasons for actions and show contrasts between feelings or facts, using conjunctive suffixes (clausal connectives) such as –어/아서 and –지만 (for example, 소라가 좋아서 한국어를 배웠어요; 모자가 예쁘지만 너무 작아요). They use humble/honorific words or honorific particles such as 진지, 드리다 and –께 appropriately, and use some basic onomatopoeic and mimetic words such as 똑똑 and 콜콜 to create expressive effects and engage the interest of the audience. Students use cohesive devices, for example, conjunctions (such as 그리고, 그래서, 그러나, 그런데, –고, –어/아서, –지만), adverbs of frequency (such as 가끔, 보통, 자주, 언제나), time (such as 벌써, 아직) and direction (such as 쭉, 곧장) and the agreement among honorific elements, at sentence level (for example, 할머니께 꽃을 드려요) and throughout the text by using the informal polite style ending –어/아요. They use a range of case markers and particles such as –의, – (으)로, 와/과, –부터 and –까지 (for example, 소라의 생일, 색연필로, 왼쪽으로, 불고기와 김치, 아침부터 저녁까지) and location nouns attached by –에 to indicate relative locations (for example, 책상 위에 …, 상자 안에 …). Students use some complex structures in verb phrases such as –어/아 주다, –고 있다, –(으)ㄹ 줄 알다, –(으)ㄹ 수 있다 and –어/아 보다 as set phrases. They form questions using a range of question words such as 언제, 어디, 어떻게, 어느 and 무슨, and modify nouns using an adjectival form of a descriptive verb suffixed by –(으)ㄴ (for example, 착한 사람). Students write loan words from English in Hangeul and compare their original pronunciation and how they are pronounced as loan words in Korean (for example, 테니스, 포크). They translate across languages, paraphrasing or annotating words or expressions where equivalence is not possible, such as 정들었어요, 세배 or ‘mufti day’. They recount their reactions to intercultural experiences, describing and reflecting on aspects that do or do not fit with their own sense of identity.

Students identify grammatical elements such as case markers, particles, suffixes and verb endings from simple Korean sentences, and compare how grammatical functions of nouns and verbs are determined in Korean and English sentences. They provide examples of the Korean honorific system that works at grammar and word levels (for example, 진지 드세요) and illustrate how politeness and respect are important aspects of Korean language and culture. Students differentiate between oral and written forms of words, and apply spelling conventions and spacing rules in their writing. Students explain how word order in Korean differs from English and use a metalanguage to identify common features such as nouns, verbs, cases and subject–object–verb/subject–verb–object constructions. Students identify and reproduce characteristic grammatical features in familiar texts. They vary their language use and make choices of linguistic features, such as the use of polite forms, according to the context. They provide examples showing that Korean is a language for local, international and virtual communication and that it continuously changes as society and culture change, impacted by globalisation and new technologies. Students explain how cultural values and ideas are embedded in language and communicative behaviours. They give examples from their own language/s and cultural behaviour/s which may be interpreted differently from other cultural perspectives and give such possible interpretations.