Indonesian (Version 8.4)

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Context statement

The place of the Indonesian language and culture in Australia and in the world
The languages of the Indonesian archipelago have been used in Australia since contact several centuries ago between the peoples of the islands now known as Indonesia and the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples of northern Australia.

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PDF documents

Resources and support materials for the Australian Curriculum: Languages - Indonesian are available as PDF documents. 
Languages - Indonesian: Sequence of content
Languages - Indonesian: Sequence of Achievement - F-10 Sequence
Languages - Indonesian: …

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Years 5 and 6

Years 5 and 6 Band Description

The nature of the learners

Students are expanding their social networks, experiences and communication repertoire in both their first language and Indonesian. They continue to need guidance and participate in structured, collaborative tasks that both recycle and extend language. Students are gaining greater independence and becoming more conscious of their peers and social context. They are gaining awareness of the world around them and the proximity of Indonesia to Australia. Learners are noticing similarities and differences between Indonesian language and culture and their own.

Indonesian language learning and use

Learners use formulaic phrases in Indonesian to participate in classroom routines, presentations and structured conversations with the teacher and peers. They focus on aspects of their personal world and are introduced to content related to Indonesia and other learning areas. Learners develop oral language through scaffolded tasks and texts such as songs, descriptions and stories. They extend their oral fluency by focusing on sentence-level intonation and stress.

In pairs and as a class, learners read texts such as signs, posters, scripts, lyrics and instructions (for example, for recipes or games). They are learning to apply their knowledge of key words and textual features to predict the meaning of unfamiliar language. Learners use modelled language to create texts such as a class story, script or contribution to a wiki space. They require opportunities to extend their language use by expressing ideas through expanding and connecting sentences.

Contexts of interaction

Learners use Indonesian to interact with the teacher and classmates, and may use technology to communicate with peers in Indonesia. Tasks are typically structured, collaborative and at times competitive, such as a group performance, class display or games. Learners may notice use of Indonesian in the community, such as in the media.

Texts and resources

Learners engage with a range of published texts such as readers, songs and computer games, as well as those prepared by the teacher of Indonesian, including language exercises, games and presentations. In addition, learners gain exposure to Indonesian language and culture through texts created for the Indonesian community, such as websites, music clips and television programs.

Features of Indonesian language use

Learners are expanding their knowledge of vocabulary and sentence construction. They develop a range of ber- verbs, simple conjunctions and prepositions, noticing that sentences follow a similar word order to English, apart from possessive pronouns and adjectives. They need to develop a metalanguage for describing aspects of Indonesian language and how it works. They are increasingly aware of the connection between language and cultural practices (for example, tawar-menawar, selamatan) and compare such connections to their own language and culture.

Level of support

Supports provided by the teacher at this level include explicit instruction, description, and comparison of Indonesian and English, modelled language use and examples of texts, and feedback on student work. Learners need practice and guidance in using dictionaries and access to word charts, vocabulary lists and examples when translating and creating texts.

The role of English

Indonesian is used for classroom routines and language learning tasks and may be used as the language of instruction for learning the content of other learning areas. The language of response varies according to task demands, with Indonesian used primarily for communicating in structured and supported tasks, and English (and other known languages) used for open-ended, comparative tasks that develop learners’ understanding of language and culture.


Years 5 and 6 Content Descriptions

Using language for communicative purposes in interpreting, creating and exchanging meaning.

Socialising

Interacting orally and in writing to exchange, ideas, opinions, experiences, thoughts and feelings; and participating in planning, negotiating, deciding and taking action.

Interact with peers to describe aspects of daily life, school, friends and pastimes

[Key concepts: friendship, leisure; Key processes: corresponding, interacting] (ACLINC035 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • giving opinions about aspects of personal world such as likes and dislikes, interests and leisure activities, for example, saya lebih suka bermain futbal daripada sepak bola
  • describing significant people such as family members, friends and teachers, their relationship, physical appearance and characteristics/qualities, for example, Teman saya baik hati dan lucu
  • recounting experiences with family and friends, for example, Saya suka berbelanja dengan teman saya pada hari Sabtu
  • sustaining interactions with others by using strategies such as asking questions, for example, Oh begitu, ya, maaf? Dan kamu?
Collaborate with peers to plan and conduct a shared event or activity such as hosting a class guest or working with a buddy class

[Key processes: planning, organising, negotiating] (ACLINC036 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Numeracy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • engaging in shared tasks which involve planning, collaborating and evaluating, for example, performing an Indonesian item at assembly, or creating a warung for a school open day
  • organising and taking on roles with others, for example, preparing for an Indonesian Day, writing a newsletter item, reading with a buddy student
  • making invitations and arrangements for a shared event or experience, for example, a class party, an Indonesian visitor or a film afternoon
  • participating in role-plays of purchasing goods and services, such as bargaining scenarios, buying souvenirs, or ordering food at a kaki lima/warung
  • exchanging currency, noticing the respective values of each, and using Indonesian rupiah to carry out real or simulated transactions
  • participating in sourcing goods and services, noting where these can be found and the different purchasing processes and language involved, for example, fixed prices (Harga pas) and negotiable prices (Boleh tawar?)
Participate in classroom interactions and structured tasks by asking and responding to questions, seeking permission and expressing preferences

[Key concepts: collaboration, responsibility; Key processes: requesting, interacting] (ACLINC037 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • asking and responding to questions, and asking for repetition or clarification, for example, Sekali lagi, Bu, Maaf, Bu, saya tidak mengerti, Di mana kata itu?
  • responding to instructions and commands, for example, Masuklah, Bukalah laptop kamu, Jangan lari, Tulislah di bukumu, Bacalah lebih keras, Berdirilah di depan kelas, Dengarkanlah, Ulangilah
  • asking permission, for example, Boleh saya ke WC?, Boleh pinjam kamus/penggaris/pena merah?
  • giving advice and reminders to peers, for example, Pakailah sepatumu, Kamu harus menulis di bukumu, Jangan bercakap-cakap

Informing

Obtaining, processing, interpreting and conveying information through a range of oral, written and multimodal texts; developing and applying knowledge.

Locate, classify and compare factual information from texts about aspects of daily life and significant events across cultures

[Key concepts: lifestyle, event; Key processes: classifying, comparing] (ACLINC038 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Numeracy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • identifying information in texts such as advertisements, conversations, brochures and announcements, and sharing this information with others in another format, for example, presenting a chart of favourite television programs or computer games
  • reading texts and extracting key points about an issue or topic (such as housing, living in the city or a rural area, types of activities for young people and their daily routines), and discussing information with peers, Anak itu tinggal di kampung
  • reading, viewing and listening to texts to research information about concepts related to other learning areas such as the Arts, Humanities and Science
  • identifying and comparing perspectives about information in spoken and written texts , for example, Apakah informasi ini benar?, Informasi ini dari mana?, Siapa yang menulis teks ini?, Berapa orang setuju?
Convey information about aspects of language and culture using diagrams, charts, timelines, descriptions and guided reports

[Key concept: literacy; Key processes: describing, reporting] (ACLINC039 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Numeracy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • presenting factual information related to cultural activities and events of significance, for example, daily routines, celebrations, sporting events and concerts
  • conveying information about activities and environment using a range of text types and modes, for example, a report about an excursion for a school newsletter, a class website, a short documentary about the neighbourhood/region
  • using graphic organisers to convey information in particular ways, for example, to show priorities (list/table), to compare statistics or ideas (Venn diagram), or to highlight frequency (graphs)
  • reporting information (for example, about city and village life) based on own or group research, and supporting the information with photos, illustrations, captions or diagrams

Creating

Engaging with imaginative experience by participating in responding to and creating a range of texts, such as stories, songs, drama and music.

Engage with texts such as cartoons, dialogues and fairy tales, and respond by describing aspects such as characters and actions

[Key concepts: fact, fiction; Key process: describing; Key text types: story, script, cartoon] (ACLINC040 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Numeracy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Ethical Understanding
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • recalling and/or illustrating main characters and events in texts, for example, responding to questions (Siapa?, Di mana?, Berapa lama? Apa?) about a story or song
  • conveying understanding of plot and sequence in texts, such as by re-creating the sequence using a storyboard, labelling key events or creating a timeline
  • discussing reactions to texts such as stories, television programs and songs that reflect contemporary Indonesian values such as respecting parents, appreciating diversity or being a good friend
  • discussing key messages in creative texts, such as the moral of a fable/story, an idea or value in a song, or a quality of a character (cerdik, sombong, baik hati)
  • responding to a creative text by manipulating the original text to create a new version, for example, resequencing events, adding a new element, changing the location or creating an alternative ending
  • writing a review, using modelled language, of a song, story, comic or television program
Compose and perform texts such as a skit, rap or video clip, based on a stimulus, concept or theme

[Key concepts: imagination, drama; Key processes: performing, composing; Key text types: dialogue, narrative] (ACLINC041 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • composing texts for own and others’ enjoyment and interest, for example, a description of an imaginary character, animal or event
  • creating texts to share with others, for example, a commercial for a new product, a short film or rap, or a poster for an imagined event
  • creating a poem, rap or song, experimenting with rhyme and rhythm, for example, writing a shape or acrostic poem, or a song about sport (Tim saya hebat!)
  • performing or presenting own texts, for example, a photo story, advertisement or rap

Translating

Moving between languages and cultures orally and in writing, recognising different interpretations and explaining these to others.

Translate texts from Indonesian to English and vice versa, selecting from possible choices to create appropriate meaning

[Key concept: meaning; Key processes: translating, selecting] (ACLINC042 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • comparing translations of written texts from English into Indonesian and from Indonesian into English, such as advertisements, websites, food packaging and menus, and considering how meanings may be interpreted from a different cultural perspective
  • suggesting ways to modify some terms and expressions that do not translate directly and considering how this may affect text length, style and word choices
  • interpreting meanings in Indonesian texts by ‘reading’ the context, for example, the phrase Ayo cepat! may be encouraging or scolding depending on who uses it and why
Create for the school community simple bilingual texts such as reports, instructions and games

[Key concept: equivalence; Key processes: comparing, modifying] (ACLINC043 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • producing recounts of events and experiences, such as articles for a newsletter or captions for a photo story, and comparing choices available in both languages
  • performing a role-play or skit for an audience such as parents or younger students, providing an explanatory English commentary, for example, explaining the use of specific terms or gestures
  • creating bilingual texts for the school community, such as a virtual tour for a school website or signs illustrating acceptable/unacceptable actions and gestures, for example, kissing, hugging or staring
  • interpreting aspects of oral texts in Indonesian for others, for example, providing a commentary on an Indonesian item at an assembly, or explaining a dialogue or game at a languages evening
  • preparing bilingual versions of a text, noticing what differs and explaining why particular language may have been added or omitted, and how the meaning may have changed

Reflecting

Participating in intercultural exchange, questioning reactions and assumptions; and considering how interaction shapes communication and identity.

Engage in intercultural experiences, describing aspects that are unfamiliar or uncomfortable and discussing own reactions and adjustments

[Key concepts: reaction, strangeness; Key processes: accommodating/rejecting, suggesting] (ACLINC044 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • comparing the impact of gestures across cultures (for example, beckoning by pointing with index finger or with palm down, touching top of head, or laughing loudly) and noticing own comfort with these
  • describing ways of showing politeness, for example, giving an answer that may be incorrect as a way of saving face, or using body language such as smiling often
  • recognising and exploring aspects of own language use that reflect own cultural perspective and experiences, for example, references to climate and environment, animals, activities and routines such as chores; celebrations and events such as school camp, Easter and Anzac Day; and expressions such as ‘g’day’, ‘howzat’ and ‘morning tea’
  • noticing the impact of own assumptions about Indonesian people and culture when engaging with texts (such as being surprised if dogs are kept as pets, or assuming that all Indonesians live a subsistence lifestyle), and considering what assumptions Indonesians might hold about Australian people and culture
Share experiences of learning and using Indonesian, and comment on aspects that have been accepted or rejected and how this has impacted on own identity

[Key concepts: belonging, identity; Key processes: recording, evaluating] (ACLINC045 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • monitoring own development as a learner of Indonesian, for example, recording learning and reflections in blogs, learning log or journal
  • comparing with peers experiences of learning Indonesian, and considering any impact on own identity, for example, noting own reactions when others such as teachers or extended family ask about learning Indonesian
  • creating texts that express their own identity, including their identity as a learner of Indonesian (for example, personal emblem/motto, poster, profile, photo journal, or caricature/self-portrait), and reflecting on how these may be understood from an Indonesian perspective
  • considering how own upbringing and experiences impact on their assumptions in intercultural interactions (for example, notions of leisure and free time, pocket money, backyard with swimming pool), and whether these assumptions have changed in the process of learning Indonesian

Analysing and understanding language and culture as resources for interpreting and shaping meaning in intercultural exchange.

Systems of language

Understanding the language system, including sound, writing, grammar and text.

Notice pronunciation of phonemes such as ng/ngg/ny, and notice the difference in pronunciation of loan words from English

[Key concepts: loan, emphasis; Key processes: experimenting, predicting] (ACLINU046 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • comparing different pronunciation of phonemes in the middle of words (ng, ngg, dengan, tangan, tinggal, tanggal), and intonation of polysyllabic words, for example, mendengarkan, berbelanja, berselancar
  • noticing the phonemes ny and ng at the beginning of words, for example, nyamuk, Nyoman, ngantuk
  • recognising the Indonesian pronunciation of loan words from English (for example, komputer, roket system), and applying conventions to unfamiliar loan words
  • understanding how to use emphasis to enhance meaning, for example, extending the stress on word endings (besarrr, takuuuut)
Understand how to express actions and events in time and place using prepositions, and continue to expand knowledge of ber- verbs and vocabulary

[Key concepts: time, place; Key processes: applying, understanding] (ACLINU047 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Numeracy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • referring to people and things using pronouns (for example, kami, kita, kamu semua paman, bibi, sepupu, ibu tiri) and concrete nouns, such as those related to food and drink (for example, sambal, rendang, es kelapa muda), and indicating possession using -nya, mereka, kami/kita
  • describing locations, for example, kota, restoran, bioskop, warung, pasar
  • referring to relationships between people and things using prepositions, for example, untuk, kepada
  • describing actions using ber- verbs (for example, berselancar, berbicara) and me- verbs, for example, menonton, melihat, menjual, mendengarkan, membeli, memakai
  • knowing how to direct others using imperatives (for example, jangan, dilarang) and invite others using polite forms, for example, -lah, Silahkan
  • seeking information and explanation using question words, for example, Berapa lama? Untuk apa?, Dengan siapa?, Dengan apa?
  • describing character and qualities using adjectives, for example, menarik, bosan, enak, bodoh, pandai, rajin, nakal, mahal, murah, sakit, capai, segar
  • indicating location in time using pada and place using di and atas, dalam, belakang
  • describing frequency using adverbs, for example, selalu, sering, kadang-kadang
  • creating cohesion using conjunctions, for example, lalu, sebelum, sesudah
  • expressing reactions with exclamations, for example, kasihan!, hebat!, asyik!
  • comparing and evaluating using comparatives and superlatives, for example, lebih…daripada, paling…
  • extending subject-focus construction by adding preposition or adverb to subject-verb-object word order, for example, Saya menonton film di bioskop, Pada hari Minggu saya berselancar dengan bapak di pantai
Develop understanding of how grammatical structures and rules influence textual organisation

[Key concept: coherence; Key processes: connecting, applying] (ACLINU048 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capability
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • noticing that different text types have a different register, for example, Bapak-Bapak dan Ibu-Ibu (speech), kamu semua (dialogue with peers), Anda (advertisement) , Yth (email or letter to someone in authority)
  • analysing how different text types use linguistic features to create effects, such as superlatives in advertisements designed to persuade (terbaru, paling sehat), the imperative in signs designed to advise or prohibit (Dilarang), salutations in emails designed to maintain relationships (yang baik, salam dari), and declaratives in announcements designed to inform (Minggu depan pada waktu…)

Language variation and change

Understanding how languages vary in use (register, style, standard and non-standard varieties) and change over time and place.

Develop awareness that language use reflects different contexts, purposes and audiences

[Key concepts: social distance/intimacy, context; Key processes: analysing, predicting] (ACLINU049 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • recognising that there are linguistic choices available to vary the level of politeness in interactions, such as when giving instructions, for example, duduk, duduklah, silakan duduk
  • observing how language use reflects respect and social distance, such as making requests with different levels of formality (Minta, Mohon, Boleh, Bolehkah?), showing respect for authority figures (Pak Guru, Mas, Mbak), and expressing familiarity with friends such as by using nicknames (nama panggilan)
  • reflecting on how language varies depending on the situation, for example, ordering a meal in a fast food restaurant, Satu paket… compared to a dine-in restaurant, Minta segelas air, Bu
Recognise that Indonesian contains influences from other languages, such as regional and foreign languages

[Key concepts: change, borrowing; Key processes: identifying, discussing] (ACLINU050 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • Asia and Australia’s Engagement with Asia
  • noticing how Indonesian is influenced by other languages and cultures, such as the influence of foreign languages in words for food, music and sport, for example, wortel, bakso, kriket, tenis, musik pop, musik klasik
  • keeping a class record of borrowings from regional languages, such as hangat (Minangkabau), batik (Javanese), juara (Sundanese)
    • Asia and Australia’s Engagement with Asia
  • noticing the use of loan words from English in texts such as advertisements and television programs to suggest values such as ‘modern’, ‘sophisticated’ and ‘educated’, for example, paket family, berinternet, koneksi bisnis

Role of language and culture

Analysing and understanding the role of language and culture in the exchange of meaning.

Recognise that language and culture are integral to the nature of identity and communication

[Key concept: assumptions; Key processes: exploring, examining connections] (ACLINU051 - Scootle )

  • Literacy
  • Critical and Creative Thinking
  • Personal and Social Capability
  • Intercultural Understanding
  • recognising that texts such as stories have a social and cultural purpose, and comparing values depicted in texts, for example, the moral of a story such as ‘Cinderella’ compared to that of Bawang Putih dan Bawang Merah
  • noticing how Indonesians describe self, such as often including regional language, ethnic group and religious affiliation
  • understanding that Indonesian as a national language enables communication across diverse groups of people and languages, and is part of national identity
  • recognising generalisations and stereotypes about cultural groups (for example, ‘all Indonesians are Muslim’), and noticing that the reality is more complex and varied
  • considering connections between language and culture in own experiences and perspective, such as how own language use reflects cultural practices, for example, participating in outdoor activities such as sports

Years 5 and 6 Achievement Standards

By the end of Year 6, students use Indonesian to convey information about themselves, their family and friends, and daily routines and activities. They locate specific details and use familiar words and phrases to predict meanings in texts. They respond to and create texts to describe and share factual and imaginative ideas and experiences, using formulaic phrases and modelled language. Students produce ng/ny/ngg sounds, and apply knowledge of pronunciation and spelling to predict the sound, spelling and meaning of new words. They ask and respond to questions using Apa?, Siapa? Berapa? and Di mana?, and interact spontaneously with peers in discussions on familiar topics. Students use subject-focus construction with a range of ber- verbs (such as bermain, berjalan, bercakap-cakap, berenang) and formulaic me- verbs (such as membaca, mendengarkan, menonton). They express numbers using ratus and ribu, and describe character and appearance using noun + adjective word order, (for example, Rumah Budi besar; Dia tinggi dan lucu). Students use possessive word order (for example, Nama teman saya…) and describe events in time using pada with whole numbers and days of the week. They use prepositions (such as di atas/dalam/belakang), and conjunctions (such as karena and tetapi). They translate texts, relying on key words and formulaic expressions, describing how meanings may vary across languages and cultures. Students identify aspects of language use that relate to people’s (including their own) cultural perspectives and experiences.

Students know that Indonesian is a language system that has rules, and that word order in (subject-focus) sentences is similar to English. They identify features of texts such as adjectives in descriptions, superlatives in advertisements and imperatives in signs. Students know that language use varies according to age, relationships and situation, particularly in relation to terms of address and the nature of what is discussed. They identify loan words from English and their Indonesian spelling (televisi) and pronunciation (kriket). They describe similarities and differences between aspects of language and culture, such as celebrations (for example Idul Fitri and Hari Ulang Tahun), leisure (for example, takraw, bulu tangkis) and the environment (for example, desa, hutan). Students know that in both Indonesian and English some terms and expressions reflect culture-specific items and practices (for example, Selamat siang, mandi, guling) that cannot be directly translated.