This element involves students using numbers for different purposes.
Students apply skills in estimating and calculating with whole numbers to solve and model everyday problems in a wide range of authentic contexts using efficient mental, written and digital strategies. They identify situations where money is used and apply their knowledge of the value of money to purchasing, budgeting and justifying the use of money. In developing and acting with numeracy, students:
- understand and use numbers in context
- estimate and calculate
- use money.
Level 5
Typically by the end of Year 8, students:
Understand and use numbers in context
compare, order and use positive and negative numbers to solve everyday problems
Estimate and calculate
solve complex problems by estimating and calculating using efficient mental, written and digital strategies
Use money
identify and justify ‘best value for money’ decisions
This element involves students identifying trends and describing and using a wide range of rules and relationships to continue and predict patterns.
Students apply their understanding of patterns and relationships when solving problems in authentic contexts.
Level 5
Typically by the end of Year 8, students:
Recognise and use patterns and relationships
identify trends using number rules and relationships
This element involves students developing an understanding of the meaning of fractions and decimals, their representations as percentages, ratios and rates, and how they can be applied in real-life situations.
Students visualise, order and describe shapes and objects using their proportions and the relationships of percentages, ratios and rates to solve problems in authentic contexts. In developing and acting with numeracy, students:
- interpret proportional reasoning
- apply proportional reasoning.
Level 5
Typically by the end of Year 8, students:
Interpret proportional reasoning
visualise and describe the proportions of percentages, ratios and rates
Apply proportional reasoning
solve problems using simple percentages, ratios and rates
This element involves students making sense of the space around them.
Students visualise, identify and sort shapes and objects, describing their key features in the environment. They use symmetry, shapes and angles to solve problems in authentic contexts and interpret maps and diagrams, using scales, legends and directional language to identify and describe routes and locations. In developing and acting with numeracy, students:
- visualise 2D shapes and 3D objects
- interpret maps and diagrams.
Level 5
Typically by the end of Year 8, students:
Visualise 2D shapes and 3D objects
visualise, describe and apply their understanding of the features and properties of 2D shapes and 3D objects
Interpret maps and diagrams
create and interpret 2D and 3D maps, models and diagrams
This element involves students gaining familiarity with the way statistical information is represented.
Students solve problems in authentic contexts that involve collecting, recording, displaying, comparing and evaluating the effectiveness of data displays of various types. They use appropriate language and numerical representations when explaining the outcomes of chance events. In developing and acting with numeracy, students:
- interpret data displays
- interpret chance events.
Level 5
Typically by the end of Year 8, students:
Interpret data displays
compare, interpret and assess the effectiveness of different data displays of the same information
Interpret chance events
describe and explain why the actual results of chance events are not always the same as expected results
This element involves students learning about measurement of length, area, volume, capacity, time and mass.
Students estimate, measure, compare and calculate using metric units when solving problems in authentic contexts. They read clocks and convert between time systems, identify and sequence dates and events using a calendar and use timetables for a variety of purposes. In developing and acting with numeracy, students:
- estimate and measure with metric units
- operate with clocks, calendars and timetables.
Level 5
Typically by the end of Year 8, students:
Estimate and measure with metric units
convert between common metric units for volume and capacity and use perimeter, area and volume formulas to solve authentic problems
Operate with clocks calendars and timetables
use 12- and 24-hour systems within a single time zone to solve time problems, and place personal and family events on an extended time scale